Churn



'(ModeL) R. A. SHEPHERD.

GHURN.

No. 364,308. v Patented June 7, 1887.

N. PEYERS, Hwwmm ber. Wnahingkm. D. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT ALEXANDER SHEPHERD, OF BRADDYVILLE, IOWA.

Cl lURN.

sPlElCIPIcATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 364,308, dated June 7, 1887.

Application filed February 14, 1887. Serial No. 227,571. (Modeh) 5 and State of Iowa, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Churns, of which the following is a specification. I i

The invention relates to improvements in churns, the objects being to give the dasher and further in the combination and arrange-- ment of certainparts hereinafter described, pointed out in the claims, and illustrated in 'the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 represents a perspective view of theimproved churn, taken from the side opposite to that to which the handle is attached. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional viewofthe churn. Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view of the dasher, Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the dasher,

and Fig. 5 is an end elevation of the same.

Fig. 6 represents a perspective view of one of the upper paddles detached. Fig. 7 repre- 5 senls a perspective view of one of the lower paddles detached.

Referring to the drawings by letter, A des- 'ignates the cream-receptacle of the churn, preferably rectangular in shape, and having the removable lid a upon its top, which lid is rabbeted around its edge, so as not to slide or move laterally when in place.

B is a vertical standard secured centrally to one side of the receptacle, and having secured firmly to its upper end the metal strap 1), between the central part of which and the end of the standard there is an opening for theinsertion of the lower end of a spring, 0, which lower end passes inwardly to a point over the cover or lid a. The said end is straight and has inside of the strap a vertical opening for the insertion of the spring-key c, which prevents the end of the spring from disengaging from the strap. The springOhas both its ends straight and its middle portion, 0', curved into about three-fourths of a complete circle, as shown in the drawings, the middle portion bein g made thi nner than the ends. The upper end of the spring is inserted and riveted or otherwise secured in a slot or transverse notch in the lower end of the handle D, which extends slightly upward and centrally over the receptacle A.

E is the dasher-rod passing through a slot, 6, in the cover or lid, and having its upper end attached within a slot in the handle D by means of a spring-key, c, which passes through openings in the handle at the sides of the slot and any one of the series of openings 0 in the rod, by means of which openings the latter, and consequently the dasher, can be adjusted vertically. The dasherrod is flat and thin,

and a little wider at its lower end than at its top.

The dasher consists of a frame and the paddles pivoted or hinged thereto.

Thedasher-frame is composed of two similar side plates, F F, secured opposite to each other on their central vertical lines to the edges of thclowerend of thedasher-rod. The said plates are rounded on their upper corners, and each has a large V'shaped notch, f, made centrally on its lower edge, which notches serve as stops for the lower paddles, hereinafter described. To each side of the lower end of the dasher-rod are secured the upper ends of similar blocks, f, which incline downwardly and outwardly, but have their outer ends extended vertically downward. Upon the said outer ends are secured at their ends the depending loops f of sheet or plate metal, which loops serve as bearings for the short oscillating shafts of the lower paddles, the ends of the blocks f between the ends of the loops being concaved to form the upper parts of the said bearlugs.

G G are the lower paddles, each of whichis of rectangular shape and provided with a large slot, 9, nearer the inner edge than the outer edge.

g is a short longitudinal shaft in the slot 9, also nearer to the inner edge of the paddle than to the outer edge, so that when the shaft is in its bearing formed by the loop f 2 and end of the block f the outer part of the paddle will overbalance the inner part and the outer edge will fall till the outer side of the paddle impinges against the adjacent edge of the V- shaped notch f. The edges of the plates F outside of said notches incline a little downward as they run outward, so that the lower paddle-blades can never lie in exactly the same plane, but their rounded inner edges, 9, will always make an angle with each other.

9 are similar openings at similar points near the ends of the paddles. These openings are to make currents in the cream in the usual well-known manner both when the paddles ascend and descend.

H are the upper paddles, each having three blades or arms, one, lz, outside of and on each side of plate F, and the third, h, between the said plates in which the journals of the paddles have bearings. As the blades h, when the paddles H are most inclined downward, lie against the outer surfaces of the blocks f and their upper edges lie almost in contact with said blocks, the said blades h can have no part or leaf above the j ournals 71? as the outer blades, h, have. The said journals are nearer the upper than the lower edges of the paddles and are inserted in their bearings in the plates F through deep notches running from the edges of the V-shaped notches, which deep notches are afterward closed by pieces fitting and secured therein and having their upper ends concaved to receive the lower sides of the journals, the deep notches being similarly concaved at their ends. \Vhen the paddles H are turned upward till their inner edges are slightly lower than their outer edges, their inner sides impinge against the curved stop-pieces II, secured between the paddles to the sides of the plates H. r

It is evident that when the dasher is de-- pressed the outer edges of the lower paddles will be raised 5 but there still being some upward angle between said paddles, the large body of the cream will not escape over the edges of the lower paddles, but will be forced up through the openings therein, thus producing swift currents and much agitatiour WVhen the dasher is raised, the outer edges of the lower paddles fall until the paddles rest against the edges of the \I-shaped notched side F. The upper paddles fall similarly to the lower paddles when the dasher is raised, but when it is depressed the said paddles turn, so that the inner edges are lower than the upper, and the under surfaces are inclined upward from their inner edges; consequently, the cream rising from the lower paddles is directed outward, and does not spurt or splash through the central openingin the lid a. The dasherrod is depressed by bearing down on the handle D, the spring 0 making the motion easy.

and without jar. The spring itself raises the handle and dasher-rod, and thus, by its reaction, forces the dasher up through the cream.

'On account of its simple construction, the churn can be easily cleaned and repaired; and

on account ofthe construction of its dasher the cream is prevented from spurting outside, and butter can be made therein of better quality and in less time than churns of ordinary construction.

Having described my invention, I claim- 1. In a churn, the combination, with the receptacle handle and spring constructed substantiall y as described, of the adjustable dasher-rod pivoted in a slot in the handle by means of side openings, and a spring-key, the dasher-frame composed of two similar side plates having large V-shaped notches in their lower edges,which edges incline slightly downward from said notches, and the blocks f, inclining downwardly from the dasher-rod, secured between the side plates, the metalplate loops secured to the ends of the blocks f, the upper paddles constructed substantially as described, and the lower paddles, G, having the short shafts g nearer to their inner than their outer edges, provided with openings, as described, impinging against the edges of the V-shaped openings when the dasher is raised and against the lower edges of the side plates adjacent to the said notches when the dasher is depressed, so that they always form some upward angle between their inner edges, as and for the purpose specified. I

2. The combination, with the receptacle and dasher-rod actuated by means substantially as describcd,of the dash er-frame composed of the sideplates, F, and inclined blocks f, thelower paddles constructed substantially as described and hung on said blocks, the steps I, secured to the side plates, F, and the upper paddles, H, each having the blades it outside of the plates F, and the blade h between said plates, and provided with journals nearer to its inner ings in the plates F and are situated between the blades h andh, substantially as specified.

8. The herein-described churn, consisting of the receptacle A, lid or cover a, standard ICO ' than its outer edge, which journals have bear- B, curved spring 0, attached to the standard by the strap I), handle D, adjustable dasherrod E,passingthrough a slotin the lid, dasherplates, F, all constructed and arranged substantially as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixed my signature in presence oftwo witnesses.

ROBERT ALEXANDER SHEPHERD.

\Vitnesses:

U. W. Rnnon, A. F. LARGE. 

